
Fabric softener makes clothes feel soft and smell fresh, but have you ever wondered what it does to your washing machine? While it enhances laundry, it may also cause hidden damage over time.
Many people don’t realize that liquid fabric softeners leave behind a residue that can build up inside the washer, clogging detergent dispensers and coating the drum. This buildup reduces washing efficiency and can lead to mold, mildew, and unpleasant odors. Additionally, some fabric softeners contain chemicals that may damage rubber seals, increasing the risk of leaks.
If not used correctly, fabric softeners can shorten your washer’s lifespan and create maintenance issues. Understanding how it affects your machine can help you better choose your laundry and appliance care.
Forms of Fabric Softener
Fabric softeners come in several forms, each with its benefits and drawbacks. Choosing the right type can help you maintain the efficiency of your washing machine while still achieving soft, fresh-smelling clothes.
- Liquid Fabric Softener
Liquid softener is the most common type and is added during the rinse cycle. It works by coating fabric fibers, making them feel smooth and less likely to produce static. However, it also builds up inside washing machines, especially in detergent dispensers and rubber seals. Over time, this can lead to clogs, unpleasant smells, and mechanical issues. - Dryer Sheets
Dryer sheets are an alternative to liquid softeners and are placed in the dryer instead of the washer. They help reduce static, add fragrance, and soften clothes. While they do not directly affect the washing machine, they can leave a waxy residue on clothes, which may transfer to the dryer’s lint trap. This buildup can reduce dryer airflow and increase the overheating risk. - Dryer Balls
A chemical-free alternative, dryer balls (made of wool or plastic) help soften clothes naturally by creating space between fabrics, allowing better air circulation. They do not leave residue behind, making them the safest option for washing machines and dryers. Although they do not add fragrance like liquid softeners or dryer sheets, they reduce drying time and static cling effectively.
Does Fabric Softener Ruin Washing Machines?
Fabric softener is a standard laundry product that helps clothes feel soft, smell fresh, and reduce static. However, it benefits fabrics and can harm washing machines over time. Many people don’t realize that fabric softener leaves behind a sticky residue that builds up inside the machine, affecting its performance and longevity. If not appropriately managed, this buildup can lead to mold growth, clogged dispensers, and even damage essential components like hoses and rubber seals.
Although using fabric softeners occasionally may not cause immediate problems, frequent use without proper maintenance can significantly impact the machine’s efficiency. Let’s explore how fabric softener affects washing machines and what you can do to prevent damage.
How Fabric Softener Affects Washing Machines
1. Residue Buildup and Clogged Dispensers
Fabric softeners contain waxy and oily ingredients that don’t completely dissolve in water, especially in cold cycles. Over time, these substances accumulate inside the detergent dispenser, the drum, and even in hidden parts of the washing machine. This buildup can clog the softener compartment, making it difficult for the machine to dispense detergent and rinse water properly.
As a result, you may notice:
- A thick, slimy coating inside the dispenser tray.
- Sticky patches on the drum and door seal.
- Reduced water flow, making it harder for clothes to get cleaned properly.
If the buildup becomes severe, it may require deep cleaning or even part replacements to restore the machine’s functionality.
2. Mold, Mildew, and Bad Odors
The sticky residue from fabric softener creates a perfect environment for mold and mildew to grow. This is especially common in front-loading washing machines, where moisture often remains trapped inside the rubber gasket and detergent dispenser.
Signs of mold buildup due to fabric softener include:
- A musty or sour smell inside the washer.
- Black or green mold spots around the door seal and detergent tray.
- Clothes coming out of the wash smell unpleasant, even after using detergent.
Mold growth affects your machine and can transfer onto clothes, leading to potential skin irritations or allergic reactions.
3. Damage to Rubber Seals and Hoses
Fabric softeners contain chemicals that may break down rubber components over time. The washing machine’s rubber door seal, hoses, and internal parts are all at risk of degradation due to constant exposure to these chemicals.
If the rubber parts weaken, they may develop cracks, which can cause:
- Water leaks, leading to floor damage and costly repairs.
- Reduced sealing efficiency, allowing moisture to escape.
- A shorter lifespan of your washing machine.
In severe cases, the rubber components may need to be replaced to prevent further damage.
4. Reduced Washing and Rinsing Performance
A washing machine’s primary function is thoroughly cleaning clothes by mixing detergent with water and rinsing away dirt. However, when fabric softener builds up inside the machine, it can interfere with this process. The waxy coating left behind can trap dirt, soap scum, and bacteria, making it harder for the washer to perform efficiently.
This can lead to:
- Clothes feeling greasy or sticky after washing.
- The detergent is not dissolving correctly, leaving soap residue on fabrics.
- Frequent re-washing is needed to get clothes truly clean.
Why Fabric Softener Is Not Safe for Clothes
Fabric softener reduces absorbency, making certain clothes less effective. It leaves a thin, waxy coating on fabrics, which blocks moisture absorption. This is especially problematic for towels, workout clothes, and cloth diapers. Towels become less efficient at drying, activewear loses its ability to wick away sweat, and cloth diapers may start leaking due to reduced absorbency. To maintain the effectiveness of these fabrics, it’s best to avoid fabric softeners and use alternatives like white vinegar, which softens clothes without leaving a residue.
Fabric softeners can weaken fabrics over time. Its chemicals break down natural fibers like cotton, wool, and silk. Cotton fibers weaken and wear out faster, wool loses its softness as the coating damages its natural fibers, and silk’s delicate texture can be ruined. Repeated use makes clothes thin, fragile, and prone to tearing or fraying.
Fabric softener causes buildup and stains because it contains dyes and oily ingredients that don’t fully dissolve in water. If too much softener is used or the washer doesn’t rinse properly, it can leave a greasy or sticky residue. This buildup can make clothes feel stiff instead of soft and can attract dirt, causing them to appear dull and faded.
Fabric softener can trigger skin irritations as the chemicals it leaves on clothes remain in contact with the skin. People with sensitive skin, especially babies or those with eczema, may experience itching, rashes, redness, or allergic reactions. It’s better to use fragrance-free, chemical-free alternatives like wool dryer balls or baking soda to prevent this.
Fabric softener affects fire-resistant clothes, making them less safe. Some garments, such as children’s sleepwear and work uniforms, are treated with fire-resistant coatings. However, fabric softeners can coat these fibers with a flammable residue, reducing their fire resistance and increasing the risk of burns. To keep fire-resistant clothing effective, it should be washed without fabric softener using mild detergents.
Health Risks of Using Fabric Softener
1. Skin Irritation and Allergies
Fabric softeners contain various chemicals and fragrances, many of which can cause skin irritation. These chemicals are designed to coat your clothes and make them feel softer but remain on the fabric. When you wear clothes washed with fabric softener, the chemicals come into contact with your skin, which can lead to allergic reactions. People with sensitive skin, eczema, or pre-existing allergies are likelier to experience itching, redness, rashes, or hives. Babies and young children, whose skin is more delicate, are especially vulnerable to these irritations. Over time, prolonged exposure can worsen these skin reactions, so it is recommended to use fabric softeners sparingly or switch to natural alternatives like vinegar or essential oils.
2. Breathing Problems
Another concern is the release of harmful chemicals into the air when fabric softeners are used. Many softeners contain volatile organic compounds (VOCs) like formaldehyde and other chemicals that can be released into the air during washing or drying. VOCs contribute to poor indoor air quality, irritating the respiratory system. These chemicals can trigger shortness of breath, coughing, wheezing, or asthma attacks for people suffering from asthma, allergies, or other respiratory conditions. Even for individuals without pre-existing conditions, the intense fragrances and chemical fumes can cause headaches, dizziness, and nausea, making breathing difficult, especially in enclosed spaces.
3. Toxic Chemical Exposure
Fabric softeners contain various chemicals, some of which have been linked to more serious health risks. For example, many softeners commonly find compounds like benzyl acetate, chloroform, and quaternary ammonium. Studies have shown that these substances can affect the nervous system, potentially causing dizziness, fatigue, and headaches. Prolonged exposure to these chemicals has also been linked to hormone disruption, which can affect the body’s natural functions. Research suggests that regular exposure to such chemicals, primarily through clothes that are worn all day, may have long-term effects on health, increasing the risk of respiratory problems, reproductive issues, and even cancer.
4. Indoor Air Pollution
The chemicals found in fabric softeners don’t just affect your skin and lungs — they also contribute to indoor air pollution. When clothes are dried in a dryer or on a clothesline, the chemical particles in fabric softeners are released into the air. These chemical fumes can linger in your home and settle on surfaces. Over time, they can accumulate in the air, leading to poor indoor air quality. Exposure to this pollution can cause respiratory irritation, headaches, and eye irritation. For people with underlying conditions, such as asthma or allergies, the effects can be even more severe. This is particularly concerning in spaces like bedrooms, nurseries, or small apartments where ventilation may be limited.
5. Harmful to Babies and Pregnant Women
Fabric softeners pose a heightened risk for babies and pregnant women. Babies’ skin is much more sensitive and permeable than adults’, meaning chemicals in softeners can be absorbed more quickly and cause more significant irritation. This increases the risk of developing allergic reactions and skin conditions like eczema. Furthermore, many fabric softeners contain chemicals that can interfere with the body’s hormone systems, potentially affecting fetal development during pregnancy. Chemicals such as phthalates, which are used to enhance fragrance, have been linked to developmental issues and birth defects. For these reasons, it is highly recommended that expectant mothers and parents of young children avoid using fabric softeners or choose products made with non-toxic, natural ingredients.
Can Fabric Softener Work as Detergent?
Fabric softeners and detergents serve entirely different purposes in the laundry process, and fabric softeners cannot be used as a substitute for detergents.
What Does Detergent Do?
Detergents are specially formulated to clean clothes. They contain surfactants, chemicals that attach to dirt, oil, and stains, lifting them off fabric fibers. Detergents help to remove all types of dirt, grease, and stains that accumulate on clothes from daily wear. They also have enzymes that break down tough stains like food, grass, or sweat. Without detergent, your clothes would not come out clean, as the cleaning agents in the detergent break down and wash away dirt and grime.
What Does Fabric Softener Do?
Fabric softeners, on the other hand, are designed to soften clothes and reduce static. They do not clean clothes. Instead, fabric softeners contain conditioning agents, which coat the fabric’s fibers, making them feel softer and more comfortable to wear. Fabric softener also helps reduce wrinkles and gives clothes a fresh fragrance. The chemicals in fabric softeners can also prevent the buildup of static electricity in clothes, especially in synthetic fabrics.
Why Fabric Softener Cannot Replace Detergent
- No Cleaning Power: Fabric softeners do not have the cleaning agents necessary to remove clothing stains, oils, or dirt. Detergents contain surfactants that break down oils and dirt, which fabric softener lacks.
- Residue Build-Up: If you were to use fabric softener instead of detergent, it would leave a waxy or greasy residue on your clothes. This residue doesn’t clean fabrics, and over time, it builds up, making your clothes feel sticky and attract more dirt.
- Ineffective on Stains: Fabric softeners do not have enzymes or powerful detergents to deal with tough stains like food, grease, or sweat. Without the stain-fighting components of detergents, fabric softeners cannot help clean these stains.
- Damage to Fabrics: Using fabric softener instead of detergent can damage your clothes over time. Since it doesn’t clean fabrics, dirt and oils remain in the fibers, which can cause fabrics to wear out faster. In particular, fabric softeners can coat moisture-wicking fabrics like towels or activewear, reducing their ability to absorb moisture.
When to Use Fabric Softener
Fabric softener should always be combined with a detergent for best results. After the detergent has cleaned the clothes, it can be added during the rinse cycle. Fabric softeners can help soften fabric, reduce static cling, and add fragrance, but they will not clean clothes.
To conclude, fabric softeners cannot replace detergents because they lack the necessary cleaning ingredients to remove dirt, stains, and oils from fabrics. Detergents are essential for the cleaning process, while fabric softeners are simply additives that enhance the feel and fragrance of clothes. For proper laundry care, use both products in their intended roles.
How to Remove Stuck Fabric Softener Sheets from Washer
Sometimes, fabric softener sheets can become stuck in your washing machine, leading to several problems, such as affecting the cleaning efficiency or causing the machine to malfunction. If you’ve noticed that a fabric softener sheet is stuck in your washer, don’t worry! Here’s a detailed guide to help you remove it safely and effectively.
1. Pause the Washing Cycle Immediately
If you spot a fabric softener sheet stuck during the wash cycle, you first need to pause the machine. If your washer is a front loader, you may be able to open the door and remove the sheet right away. However, if the cycle has progressed further, pausing it will prevent the sheet from getting more stuck or caught deeper inside the machine.
2. Power Off the Washer
Always turn off the washer before removing any stuck fabric softener sheet for your safety. You can unplug the machine or switch it off from the power source. This ensures that no electrical components are active while you’re working on removing the sheet.
3. Open the Door or Lid
Once the machine is powered off, open the door or lid of your washing machine. The location of the stuck fabric softener sheet will depend on whether you have a front-load or top-load washing machine:
- Front-Load Washer: The fabric softener sheet may be stuck inside the door or on the drum. Sometimes, the sheet can get caught between the door seal (gasket) and the drum.
- Top-Load Washer: The sheet might be stuck inside the drum, either on the sides or caught between the drum and the wall of the washer.
4. Inspect and Remove the Stuck Sheet
Carefully inspect the inside of the washer to locate the stuck fabric softener sheet. In most cases, it will be visible and easy to reach. Gently pull it out from where it’s caught. If it’s stuck tightly, try to wiggle it loose by carefully pulling from different angles. Avoid yanking the sheet too forcefully, as it could tear or damage the drum or other parts.
5. Use a Tool for Stubborn Sheets
In cases where the fabric softener sheet is stuck more profoundly in the drum or between the drum and the wall, it may require a little extra help. Use a flat tool, such as a plastic spatula, wooden stick, or a dull knife, to dislodge the sheet carefully. Be sure not to use sharp or metal tools, as they could scratch or damage the inside of the washer. Gently slide the tool along the edges of the drum to loosen the sheet, and then carefully pull it out.
6. Check the Fabric Softener Dispenser Drawer
If you use a washing machine with a fabric softener dispenser, sometimes the sheet can get stuck there. Pull out the dispenser drawer and carefully inspect it for any blockages. If you see any fabric softener sheet remnants, remove them. Additionally, check the dispenser compartment for any built-up softener residue that may have caused a clog. Wipe the area clean to prevent future blockages.
7. Run a Rinse or Spin Cycle
Once you’ve successfully removed the stuck fabric softener sheet, running a rinse or spin cycle with no laundry inside is a good idea. This will help clear any remaining fabric softener residue from the drum, hoses, or dispenser. It also helps to ensure that no leftover fibers from the sheet could interfere with future washes.
8. Clean the Washing Machine Regularly
To prevent fabric softener sheets or other debris from getting stuck again, cleaning your washing machine regularly is essential. Run an empty cycle with hot water and a cup of white vinegar or baking soda. This will help remove any residue or buildup from fabric softeners, detergents, or dirt.
Preventive Measures for Future Washes
- Use liquid fabric softener: Instead of fabric softener sheets, consider switching to liquid fabric softener, which is less likely to get stuck.
- Place fabric softener sheets on top of the laundry: If you prefer using sheets, place them on top of your clothes, especially in a top-load washer, to prevent them from getting caught in hard-to-reach areas.
- Avoid overloading the washer: Overloading the machine can make it difficult for the fabric softener sheet to dissolve properly or move freely in the drum. This increases the likelihood of it getting stuck.
- Follow the correct dosage: Always use the recommended amount of fabric softener. Too much softener can cause a buildup in the washer, increasing the chance of sheets becoming stuck.
Fabric Softener Dos and Don’ts: 9 Types of Clothes to Avoid It On
Fabric softener is commonly used to give clothes a fresh scent and soft feel, but it’s essential to know that not all fabrics should come in contact with it. Some materials lose effectiveness or become damaged when exposed to fabric softener. Here’s a detailed look at the nine types of clothes that shouldn’t be exposed to fabric softener and what you should do instead to maintain their quality.
1. Towels
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Towels:
While fabric softeners make towels feel softer, they can also reduce their absorbency. Towels trap moisture and fabric softeners leave a thin, waxy coating that prevents them from absorbing as much water. As a result, your towels may not dry you off effectively, especially after multiple washes.
Do:
Instead of fabric softener, use white vinegar as a natural alternative. It helps soften towels without leaving any residue, keeping them absorbent. Also, avoid using too much detergent, which can coat the fibers and reduce absorbency.
2. Activewear (Workout Clothes)
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Activewear:
Most activewear is made from synthetic fabrics like polyester, designed to wick moisture away from the skin during physical activities. Fabric softeners can coat these moisture-wicking fibers, making them less effective at pulling sweat away from the body. This can leave the clothing feeling sticky, damp, and uncomfortable.
Do:
Wash your workout clothes in cold water with a mild detergent designed for synthetic fabrics. This helps preserve the fabric’s moisture-wicking abilities so you stay dry and comfortable during exercise.
3. Waterproof Clothing
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Waterproof Clothing:
Waterproof clothing like jackets and pants is treated with special coatings to repel water. Fabric softeners can break down these coatings, reducing the garment’s ability to keep you dry in wet conditions. This is especially important for outdoor gear or rain jackets.
Do:
For waterproof clothing, use a gentle detergent designed for outdoor gear or specifically for waterproof fabrics. These detergents will clean the material without damaging the water-repellent coating.
4. Baby Clothes
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Baby Clothes:
Babies have sensitive skin, and the chemicals in fabric softeners can irritate them, leading to redness, rashes, or allergic reactions. The fragrances and other additives in fabric softeners may cause discomfort, especially for babies with eczema or other skin conditions.
Do:
Use a gentle, hypoallergenic detergent free from harsh chemicals and fragrances for baby clothes. This will help protect your baby’s delicate skin from irritation.
5. Delicate Fabrics (Silk, Lace, etc.)
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Delicate Fabrics:
Fabric softeners can harm silk, lace, and other delicate fabrics. The chemicals and fragrances can break down the natural fibers, making them weak, rough, or brittle. Silk, for example, may lose its smooth texture and shiny finish when exposed to softeners.
Do:
Wash delicate fabrics by hand or use a gentle detergent designed for delicates. If you must machine wash, always use a mesh bag to protect the fabric and opt for a delicate cycle.
6. Microfiber Cloths
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Microfiber Cloths:
Microfiber cloths are designed to trap dirt, dust, and moisture, but fabric softeners can leave behind a waxy residue that clogs the tiny fibers. This reduces the cloth’s ability to clean effectively, leaving dust and dirt behind instead of trapping it.
Do:
Wash microfiber cloths without fabric softener to maintain their cleaning ability. It’s also best to wash them separately to avoid contaminating them with residues from other clothing.
7. Towels with Terrycloth or Pile Fabric
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Terrycloth Towels:
Terrycloth and other fabrics with a “pile” (looped texture) are designed to increase surface area, helping to trap moisture. Fabric softeners coat the fibers, which can cause them to lose their fluffiness and reduce their ability to absorb water effectively.
Do:
Avoid fabric softeners on terrycloth towels, and opt for vinegar instead to keep them soft and absorbent. Avoid using excessive detergent as well, which can also cause build-up on the fibers.
8. Flame-Resistant Clothing
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Flame-Resistant Clothing:
Fabric softeners can weaken the fire-resistant properties of certain fabrics, including those used in children’s sleepwear, uniforms, and some workwear. The chemicals in softeners coat the fabric, making it more flammable.
Do:
Wash flame-resistant clothing without fabric softener. Follow the manufacturer’s guidelines and use a mild detergent to preserve the garment’s fire-resistant qualities.
9. Heavy-Duty Work Clothes
Don’t Use Fabric Softener on Heavy-Duty Work Clothes:
Work clothing such as uniforms, coveralls, or outdoor gear is often made from durable, hard-wearing fabrics. Using fabric softener on these materials can break down the fibers over time, making them less durable and less effective at protecting you during physical work.
Do:
For heavy-duty work clothes, stick to a robust detergent that’s designed for tough fabrics. Avoid fabric softener, as it can weaken the materials and reduce longevity.
Conclusion
Fabric softeners make clothes feel softer and smell fresh, but their long-term use can cause issues for your washing machine. The liquid residue left behind can build up inside the detergent dispenser and drum, reducing washing efficiency. Over time, this buildup may lead to mold, mildew, and unpleasant odors in your washer. Additionally, some fabric softeners contain chemicals that can damage rubber seals, increasing the risk of leaks and affecting the machine’s performance. If used excessively or incorrectly, fabric softeners can shorten the lifespan of your washing machine and lead to costly repairs. To maintain your clothes and appliances, it’s important to use fabric softeners in moderation and follow the manufacturer’s instructions. Taking these precautions can help keep your washer running smoothly for years.